来源:中国经济报告
文:苏剑 邵宇佳 陈丽娜
【摘 要】本文研究了个税改革对中国宏观经济的影响。在居民收入方面,一方面,通过收入例举法计算新应纳税额、每月少交税额以及减税比例表明,个税改革对不同收 入阶层居民的影响存在明显差异。另一方面,在其他所得上,对综合所得收入较低的群体来说,其劳务报酬、稿酬、特许权使用费适用的税率将显著降低,而对综合所得收入较高的群体来说,其他所得适用的税率将显著提升。在宏观经济方面,本次个税改革所释放的税收减免必然会引起消费扩张,进而带动国内GDP增长。若以2017年GDP(82.71万亿)为例,则本次个税改革可以拉动中国GDP增长0.87个百分点。
【关键词】 个税改革;居民收入;宏观经济
Absrtact:Thispaper studies the effects of tax reform on the macroeconomy. In terms ofresident income, on the one hand, the calculation of the new taxable amount,the tax reduction amount per month and the tax reduction ratio through theincome example method shows that there is a significant difference in theimpact of the individual tax reform on the residents of different incomegroups. On the other hand, in other earnings, the tax rate applicable to laborremuneration, author remuneration, and royalties will be significantly reducedfor the group with comprehensive lower income, while the tax rate applicablefor other incomes will be significantly higher for those with higher comprehensiveincomes. In terms of macroeconomics, the tax reductions and exemptionsimplemented by this tax reform will inevitably lead to the expansion ofconsumption, which in turn will drive the growth of domestic GDP. By taking GDP(82.71 trillion) in 2017 for example, this tax reform can pull the GDP of Chinaby growth of 0.87 percentage points.
Keywords: Individual Income Tax Reform; Resident Income;Macroeconomics
三、个税改革对宏观经济的影响
为了研究个税改革对整体宏观经济的影响,关键是确定适用于中国的收入分布曲线,将中国不同收入阶段的就业人数描绘出来,然后参照个税改革前后的纳税制度计算总体个人所得税的变化程度,之后主要是测算出个税变化对国内整体消费的影响,最终延展至对国内GDP的影响。
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